Abstract
Non-Newtonian fluids are amazing characteristics that do not act like water and any other normal liquids. They are not continuous, and may bizarrely depend on the level of force applied to them. This review describes the various kinds of these exceptional fluids. There are shear-thinning fluids like ketchup, that get thinner with stirring. Next, they are shear-thickening fluids where you make it more thick (almost solid) through agitation; cornstarch and water slurry kind of thing. Then we go much deeper into viscoelastic fluids, where the fluid possesses some solid-like qualities and also thixotropic or rheopectic fluids, which thin out after being stirred for a long time to subsequently regain viscosity over time or vice versa, respectively. This type of general knowledge can help with how the fluids behave is essential to many industries, including developing new food and medicine as well as new materials. By analyzing their unique characteristics and the way they flow, scientists and engineers are able to create improved products as well as enhance our overall understanding of these remarkable materials.
Keywords: Non-Newtonian fluids, Second grade fluid, Third grade fluid, Fourth grade fluid
How to cite
Mamta Kapoor (2026). Non-Newtonian Fluids: Classification, Characteristics, and Applications — A Review. International Journal of Mathematics and Computational Frontiers, 2(1), 46–61.